Provides a liquid base for a product.

Alkyl polyglycoside is a widely used cleaning agent, or "surfactant," that is derived from sugar, and can be found in many household cleaning products. It removes dirt by loosening it from a surface. It also aids streak-free cleaning.

Citric acid is a builder that can also be found in a wide array of household products including laundry detergents, shampoos and cleaners. Of course, citric acid is also found in citrus fruits, such as oranges, lemons and limes. We use it to make a product formula clean better by affecting the molecules in the formula so they work together better. Citric acid can also be used as a pH adjuster that alters the pH of a product to improve stability. Every formula has an optimum pH to make it work best. For example, a formula that is more acidic works better for soap scum removal. Its opposite, a formula that is more alkaline, might be more effective as a carpet cleaner. We use pH adjusters to make sure we achieve the best pH for a particular job. Also, the pH of a formula can affect how long it lasts within a container – for example limiting its tendency to corrode a tin, container or dispenser. We also sometimes use citric acid as a cleaning agent that removes hard water deposits, or as a chelator.

Sodium citrate is a builder that can also be found in various household products including shampoos, mascara and lipstick. We use it to make a product formula clean better by affecting the molecules in the formula so they work together better. It can also be used as a stabiliser that maintains the clarity of the product and protects its pH. The pH of a formula can affect how long it lasts within a container – for example limiting its tendency to corrode a tin, container or dispenser. To ensure product performance, it is important that our product formulas maintain their stability over time.

Benzisothiazolinone is a preservative. It helps maintain product quality and performance over time. Some people raise concerns about preservatives, because a small number of individuals have allergies to them just as some people have allergies to nuts or bees. But preservatives play a very important role in food, cosmetics and household products. Without preservatives, many products would not last more than a week or two before being contaminated by bacteria, mould or yeast. So, we feel the best choice is to add preservatives in the smallest effective quantity to protect our products, but to list these preservatives in our formulas so that those with allergies in the family can make informed choices.

2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol; 2-phenoxyethyl isobutyrate; 3,7-dimethyloct-6-enenitrile; 3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7-methanoinden-6-yl acetate; citronellol*; cyclamen aldehyde*; dipropylene glycol; ethylene brassylate; geraniol*; methyldihydrojasmonate

*Item on SC Johnson’s list of skin allergens, learn more

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